Occupational cancers
Cancer is a major risk factor in some industries. It appears after prolonged exposure, as long as 10 to 25 years. It may develop even after the cessation of exposure.
Various types of occupational cancers are shown in the following table.
Type ` Features
Skin – In the commonest form occupational cancer. It is found among coke oven workers, dye stuff makers, gas workers, oil refiners, road makers, tar distillers, and in industry associated with the use of mineral oil, pitch, tar, and associated compounds.
Lung – it is found in asbestos industry , gas industry, arsenic roasting plants, nickel and chromium plants, and mines of responsible for a large proportion of cases.
Bladder – it is caused by aromatic amines, which are metabolized in the body and excreted in the urine. It is found in industries producing dyes, rubber, gas, and electric cables.
Blood- Benzol, X-rays and radio- active substances give rise to leukaemia.
Prevention
- Industrial carcinogens should be eliminated or controlled.
- Shielding should be used in case of X-rays. Workers should be given film badges or pocket electro-meter devices that measure cumulative radiation when he receives that safe dose of radiation.
- Suitable protective clothing should be provided to the workers.
- Medical examination of the workers should be done periodically
- Inspection of factories should be done periodically.
- Personal hygiene measures should be adopted rigorously.
- Radiation hazards.
